Author: Jurist

Africa
darfur suspect

ICC convicts ex-militia leader of Darfur war crimes

The International Criminal Court (ICC)  convicted Ali Kushayb, a former Sudanese militia chief, on 27 counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity for his role in massacres and atrocities in Darfur region in 2003 and 2004. Guilty verdicts included for the war crimes of torture, murder and rape, as well as multiple crimes against humanity, including forcible population transfers. The ICC Trial Chamber found that Kushayb, as a senior commander in the Janjaweed militia, led a campaign of atrocities during the Darfur conflict, with witnesses describing razed villages, mass executions, and gang rapes used as a weapon of war. Sentencing will take place at a later date, with a maximum penalty of life imprisonment. (Photo via Radio Dabanga)

Iran
executions

UN monitors warn of dramatic surge in executions in Iran

The Special Procedures of the UN Human Rights Council reported that over 1,000 people have been executed in Iran in 2025, warning that this represents a dramatic escalation that violates international human rights law. The UN experts wrote: “With an average of more than nine hangings per day in recent weeks, Iran appears to be conducting executions at an industrial scale that defies all accepted standards of human rights protection.” A 2017 Amendment to Iran’s Anti-Narcotics Law abolished the death penalty for low-level drug offenses, and introduced a mechanism to limit capital punishment by commuting many death sentences to life imprisonment. Despite this, executions for drug-related offenses have steadily risen since 2020 and surged in 2024, which saw 503 drug-related executions—more than 50% of all executions in Iran that year. (Photo: ICHRI)

East Asia
Uyghurs

China: new law threatens minority protections

Human Rights Watch warned that pending legislation in China may lead to escalated repression of ethnic minorities. The proposed Law on Promoting Ethnic Unity & Progress imposes Mandarin language dominance in public life and education across all regions of the People’s Republic. It would effectively overturn the current Law on Regional National Autonomy, which guarantees minorities the right to “use and develop their own spoken and written languages and their freedom to preserve or reform their own folkways and customs.” Ominously, the law introduces mandatory educational requirements for families and home life as well as schools. While Article 12 instructs authorities to “organize education” to ensure “correct views of the state, history, the nation, culture and religion,” Article 20 imposes legal obligations for parents to educate minors to “love the Chinese Communist Party.” (Photo of Uyghur family in Kashgar: Todenhoff/Flickr)

South Asia
Kashmir

India: deadly repression at Ladakh autonomy protest

Amnesty International urged Indian authorities to promptly investigate the use of live fire during protests in Leh, Union Territory of Ladakh, after at least four people were killed and more than 50 injured. Clashes erupted as demonstrators pressed long-standing demands for statehood and constitutional protections for land and jobs. Police said they responded after the crowd turned violent, with vehicles and a ruling Bharatiya Janata Party office set ablaze, and claimed officers fired in self-defense. Authorities imposed a curfew in Leh and restricted mobile internet services. (Map via Wikipedia)

Africa
Sahel States

Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso announce withdrawal from ICC

Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso announced that they will withdraw from the International Criminal Court (ICC), accusing the tribunal of serving “imperial” rather than African interests. The three countries, each governed by military juntas and members of the newly formed Alliance of Sahel States (AES), issued a joint declaration stating that they no longer recognize the ICC as a legitimate forum for justice, charging that it has become an “instrument of neo-colonialist repression.” The decision comes amid ongoing security crisis in the Sahel region, where armed groups linked to al-Qaeda and the Islamic State are waging brutal insurgencies, carrying out attacks against civilians as well as security forces. Human rights groups have accused state security forces of committing extrajudicial killings and other serious abuses in counter-terrorism operations. (Image: Wikipedia)

Southeast Asia
ICC

ICC prosecutors bring charges against Duterte

International Criminal Court prosecutors brought charges against former Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte for crimes against humanity, alleging he orchestrated thousands of murders during the grisly anti-drug campaign that has come to define his legacy. The prosecutors accuse Duterte of directing killings from 2011 to 2019, first as mayor of Davao City and later as president. They allege that as mayor he established “liquidation squads,” collectively known as the Davao Death Squad, and expanded such operations nationwide after taking office as president in 2016. (Photo: OSeveno/WikiMedia)

Inner Asia
Tara

Chinese advocate for Tibetan rights arrested for ‘splittism’

Human Rights Watch urged Chinese authorities to release activist Zhang Yadi (张雅笛), also known as Tara, after she was arrested for creating a digital platform advocating for Tibetan rights in the Chinese language. Zhang, 22, is a member of the activist group Chinese Youth for Tibet, which aims “to foster a deeper understanding of Tibetan culture within Chinese-speaking communities, challenge and deconstruct Han chauvinism, and address ethnic conflicts and prejudice.” She maintained the group’s website from France, where she was studying, but was arrested in Shangri-La, Yunnan province, after returning to China to visit family. Charged with promoting “splittism,” she may face life imprisonment. (Photo: Tibetan Review)

North America
Antifa

Trump designates Antifa as ‘domestic terrorist organization’

President Donald Trump signed an executive order designating Antifa a “domestic terrorist organization.” The order calls Antifa a “militarist, anarchist enterprise that explicitly calls for the overthrow of the United States Government.” Asserting a pattern of political violence, the order instructs executive agencies to “investigate, disrupt, and dismantle any and all illegal operations” of Antifa and related persons. A fact sheet from the Trump administration describes examples of political violence which it attributes to Antifa, including assaults against Immigration & Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents. (Photo: Antifa confronting far-right rally in Portsmouth, UK. Credit: Tim Sheerman-Chase via Wikimedia Commons)

South Asia
Sri Lanka

UN Human Rights Council urged to maintain scrutiny on Sri Lanka

International human and civil rights groups urged the UN Human Rights Council to maintain its oversight of the situation in Sri Lanka. The appeal comes ahead of the council’s 60th session, where member states’ compliance with international human rights treaties is to be reviewed. Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, the International Commission of Jurists and the Asian Forum for Human Rights & Development called for the renewal of the Sri Lanka Accountability Project, led by the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR). In their statement, the groups accused Sri Lanka’s government of lacking the political will to establish an independent prosecutorial mechanism to ensure accountability for human rights violations and international crimes. The call comes as excavations continue at a mass grave site where hundreds of ethnic Tamils who disappeared during the country’s civil war are believed to be buried. (Photo via JURIST)

Palestine
Gaza

UN panel charges Israel committing genocide in Gaza

A UN independent inquiry issued findings that Israel has committed the international crime of genocide amid its military operations in the Gaza Strip. A 72-page legal analysis from the UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory found that Israeli forces have committed genocidal acts against Palestinians in Gaza, including killing or seriously harming members of the group, as well as inflicting conditions of life “calculated to bring about [Gazans’] physical destruction in whole or in part,” and preventing births among the population. To support its conclusions, the commission cited the figure of 60,199 Palestinians killed since the Oct. 7, 2023 attacks on Israel, the fact that life expectancy in Gaza has dropped precipitously from 75.5 to 40.5 years, and that 46% of Palestinians killed were women or children. The panel also noted direct attacks on maternity wards and clinics. (Photo: Jaber Jehad Badwan via Wikimedia Commons)

Africa
IS Sahel

Niger: mounting atrocities by ISIS franchise

Human Rights Watch (HRW) stated that the armed group Islamic State in the Sahel Province (IS Sahel) is escalating attacks on civilians, reporting that since March the group has illegally executed 127 people in western Niger. HRW documented five armed attacks by the group in Tillabéri region during that time frame. The group killed 70 worshipers at a mosque in a mass execution in June. In May, IS Sahel attacked villages and burned at least a dozen homes, the report found. HRW stated that these attacks constituted war crimes. (Photo: Aharan Kotogo via Wikimedia Commons)